Yemen - Revision history

Admin1 at 20:02, 10 October 2025

2025-10-10T20:02:45Z

Admin1 at 19:52, 10 October 2025

2025-10-10T19:52:48Z

Admin1 at 19:48, 10 October 2025

2025-10-10T19:48:53Z

Admin1: /* Camouflage Worn by Houthi Forces */

2025-10-09T23:07:37Z

Camouflage Worn by Houthi Forces

Admin1: /* Camouflage Worn by Houthi Forces */

2025-10-09T23:06:41Z

Camouflage Worn by Houthi Forces

Admin1 at 23:02, 9 October 2025

2025-10-09T23:02:02Z

Admin1: /* Republic of Yemen */

2025-10-09T22:28:23Z

Republic of Yemen

Admin1: /* Republic of Yemen */

2025-10-09T22:25:23Z

Republic of Yemen

Admin1: /* Republic of Yemen */

2025-10-09T21:57:10Z

Republic of Yemen

Admin1 at 21:39, 9 October 2025

2025-10-09T21:39:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:02, 10 October 2025
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	* Photographs of units identified as "Military Special Forces" have been observed wearing dark grey/black-dominant camouflage uniforms, such as the black [[Multicam]] pattern and a copy of [[Kryptek]] Typhon, undoubtedly sourced in China.		* Photographs of units identified as "Military Special Forces" have been observed wearing dark grey/black-dominant camouflage uniforms, such as the black [[Multicam]] pattern and a copy of [[Kryptek]] Typhon, undoubtedly sourced in China.

		+	[[File:houthi-blackmc.png\|200px]]
	[[File:houthi-kryptek.png\|200px]]		[[File:houthi-kryptek.png\|200px]]

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 [[File:yemen-marpat.png|200px]]
-* At some point after 2012, the Yemen Coast Guard adopted a copy of the [[Germany|''Bundeswehr'']] desert [[flecktarn]] camouflage design. This design has also been observed in use by a majority of the Yemeni National Resistance as far back as 2022.
+* At some point in 2022, the Yemen Coast Guard adopted a copy of the [[Germany|''Bundeswehr'']] desert [[flecktarn]] camouflage design. This design has also been observed in use by a majority of the Yemeni National Resistance.
 [[File:yemen-cgflecktarn.png|200px]]

@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 In addition to the armed forces and the MOI forces, several independent groups bolster the fighting capability of the Republic, most notably the Popular Committees (اللجان الشعبية), which are essentially tribal militias and are also often referred to as the Popular Resistance/Popular Resistance Committees. These forces have remained loyal to the legitimately recognized government of the Republic of Yemen. Other anti-Houthi groups fighting in the war include the Tihamah Resistance (مقاومة تهامة), which has been active since 2014 but is considered more loyal to the UAE. The Southern Giants Brigades (ألوية العمالقة الجنوبية) emerged in 2015 as part of the Southern Movement that is working towards a secession from the north, and a return to the state of South Yemen. Lastly, the Yemeni National Resistance (المقاومة الوطنية اليمنية), also called the National Resistance Force or the Guards of the Republic, was founded in 2017 under the leadership of Tareq Saleh, and consists of former members of the Republican National Guard and the Central Security Organization. Although technically not part of the Armed Forces (reputedly their loyalty is to Saleh only), they wear Yemeni military uniforms and berets, with their own insignia, and often fight alongside the Republican forces.
-The Houthis (الحوثيون), or ''Ansar Allah,'' embrace Zaydism (a branch of Shia Islam) and promote Islamist ideals. They trace their origins to the al-Houthi tribe, which in turn claims to descend from the Banu Hashim, the tribe to which the Prophet Muhammed belonged. At various times, the Houthis have received military and/or financial support from [[Iran]], Ba'athist [[Syria]], [[Oman]], [[Sudan]], and [[North Korea]], as well as Hezbollah, Hamas, and al-Shebaab. Militarily, Houthi forces have grown in size and sophistication, although there remains little public information as to any formalized organization or military structure. Evidence suggests a portion of the former Yemeni Air Force is now under Houthi control, as well as drones and missiles (supplied by Iran), which have both been used to a high degree of effectiveness. Houthi ground forces seem to be a mixture of former military personnel and paramilitary forces with a wide spectrum of training, although in recent years it appears some units have been given specialized training and uniforms to distinguish them from the common militia fighters. Although Houthi combatants have historically worn whatever uniforms were available (most stolen from Yemen Republic warehouses), many Houthis have tended to prefer the type of tribal clothing that is typically found amongst jihadist forces. That said, units identified only as "Military Special Forces" have been documented wearing standardized camouflage clothing or solid black clothing, suggesting that an effort is being made to bring the Houthi armed forces into the modern era, or at the very least to present a unified appearance.
+The Houthis (الحوثيون), or ''Ansar Allah,'' embrace Zaydism (a branch of Shia Islam) and promote Islamist ideals. They trace their origins to the al-Houthi tribe, which in turn claims to descend from the Banu Hashim, the tribe to which the Prophet Muhammed belonged. At various times, the Houthis have received military and/or financial support from [[Iran]], Ba'athist [[Syria]], and [[North Korea]], as well as Hezbollah, Hamas, and al-Shebaab. Militarily, Houthi forces have grown in size and sophistication, although there remains little public information as to any formalized organization or military structure. Evidence suggests a portion of the former Yemeni Air Force is now under Houthi control, as well as drones and missiles (supplied by Iran), which have both been used to a high degree of effectiveness. Houthi ground forces seem to be a mixture of former military personnel and paramilitary forces with a wide spectrum of training, although in recent years it appears some units have been given specialized training and uniforms to distinguish them from the common militia fighters. Although Houthi combatants have historically worn whatever uniforms were available (most stolen from Yemen Republic warehouses), many Houthis have tended to prefer the type of tribal clothing that is typically found amongst jihadist forces. That said, units identified only as "Military Special Forces" have been documented wearing standardized camouflage clothing or solid black clothing, suggesting that an effort is being made to bring the Houthi armed forces into the modern era, or at the very least to present a unified appearance.
 == Camouflage Patterns of the Yemen Republic ==
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 [[File:yemen4.jpg|200px]]
 [[File:houthi-police.png|200px]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:07, 9 October 2025
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	* Units consistently identified as "Houthi Police Forces" have been documented wearing the same blue-dominant camouflage uniforms as previously worn by the MOI Police of the Yemen Republic. This includes both the older [[DPM]] patterns, and the more recently adopted pixelated designs.		* Units consistently identified as "Houthi Police Forces" have been documented wearing the same blue-dominant camouflage uniforms as previously worn by the MOI Police of the Yemen Republic. This includes both the older [[DPM]] patterns, and the more recently adopted pixelated designs.

		+	[[File:yemen4.jpg\|200px]]
	[[File:houthi-police.png\|200px]]		[[File:houthi-police.png\|200px]]

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 == Camouflage Worn by Houthi Forces ==
-As mentioned previously, the majority of Houthi forces have little formalized military training and are not outfitted in any consistent type or style of uniform. Many wear looted military uniforms and equipment from stockpiles and warehouses of the Yemen Republic in areas that were usurpsed by Houthi forces. There are a couple of notable exceptions, however.
+As mentioned previously, the majority of Houthi forces have little formalized military training and are not outfitted in any consistent type or style of uniform. Many wear looted military uniforms and equipment from Yemen Republic stockpiles and warehouses in areas that were overtaken by Houthi forces. There are a couple of notable exceptions, however.
 * Units consistently identified as "Houthi Police Forces" have been documented wearing the same blue-dominant camouflage uniforms as previously worn by the MOI Police of the Yemen Republic. This includes both the older [[DPM]] patterns, and the more recently adopted pixelated designs.

@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 In addition to the armed forces and the MOI forces, several independent groups bolster the fighting capability of the Republic, most notably the Popular Committees (اللجان الشعبية), which are essentially tribal militias and are also often referred to as the Popular Resistance/Popular Resistance Committees. These forces have remained loyal to the legitimately recognized government of the Republic of Yemen. Other anti-Houthi groups fighting in the war include the Tihamah Resistance (مقاومة تهامة), which has been active since 2014 but is considered more loyal to the UAE. The Southern Giants Brigades (ألوية العمالقة الجنوبية) emerged in 2015 as part of the Southern Movement that is working towards a secession from the north, and a return to the state of South Yemen. Lastly, the Yemeni National Resistance (المقاومة الوطنية اليمنية), also called the National Resistance Force or the Guards of the Republic, was founded in 2017 under the leadership of Tareq Saleh, and consists of former members of the Republican National Guard and the Central Security Organization. Although technically not part of the Armed Forces (reputedly their loyalty is to Saleh only), they wear Yemeni military uniforms and berets, with their own insignia, and often fight alongside the Republican forces.
-The Houthis (الحوثيون), or ''Ansar Allah,'' embrace Zaydism (a branch of Shia Islam) and promote Islamist ideals. They trace their origins to the al-Houthi tribe, which in turn claims to descend from the Banu Hashim, the tribe to which the Prophet Muhammed belonged. At various times, the Houthis have received military and/or financial support from [[Iran]], Ba'athist [[Syria]], [[Oman]], [[Sudan]], and [[North Korea]], as well as Hezbollah, Hamas, and al-Shebaab. Militarily, Houthi forces have grown in size and sophistication, although there remains little public information as to any formalized organization or military structure. Evidence suggests a portion of the former Yemeni Air Force is now under Houthi control, as well as drones and missiles (supplied by Iran), which have both been used to a high degree of effectiveness. Houthi ground forces seem to be a mixture of former military personnel and paramilitary forces with a wide spectrum of training. They primarily wear whatever uniforms are available, the majority of which are oten the same camouflage designs worn by the forces of the Yemen Republic, although many Houthis tend to prefer the tribal clothing that is often found in jihadist insurgent forces.
+The Houthis (الحوثيون), or ''Ansar Allah,'' embrace Zaydism (a branch of Shia Islam) and promote Islamist ideals. They trace their origins to the al-Houthi tribe, which in turn claims to descend from the Banu Hashim, the tribe to which the Prophet Muhammed belonged. At various times, the Houthis have received military and/or financial support from [[Iran]], Ba'athist [[Syria]], [[Oman]], [[Sudan]], and [[North Korea]], as well as Hezbollah, Hamas, and al-Shebaab. Militarily, Houthi forces have grown in size and sophistication, although there remains little public information as to any formalized organization or military structure. Evidence suggests a portion of the former Yemeni Air Force is now under Houthi control, as well as drones and missiles (supplied by Iran), which have both been used to a high degree of effectiveness. Houthi ground forces seem to be a mixture of former military personnel and paramilitary forces with a wide spectrum of training, although in recent years it appears some units have been given specialized training and uniforms to distinguish them from the common militia fighters. Although Houthi combatants have historically worn whatever uniforms were available (most stolen from Yemen Republic warehouses), many Houthis have tended to prefer the type of tribal clothing that is typically found amongst jihadist forces. That said, units identified only as "Military Special Forces" have been documented wearing standardized camouflage clothing or solid black clothing, suggesting that an effort is being made to bring the Houthi armed forces into the modern era, or at the very least to present a unified appearance.
-== Yemeni Camouflage Patterns ==
+== Camouflage Patterns of the Yemen Republic ==
 * Certainly the longest-lived camouflage pattern worn by Yemeni forces is the Egyptian two-color desert or "sand" pattern. The pattern was used by airborne & commando forces of the former [[Yemen Arab Republic]] and has been worn historically by some units of the Yemeni Armed Forces and the Yemen Police or units of the CSO. All current issue Yemeni uniforms appear to be made in China, and are often labeled with the Yemeni Armed Forces national crest. More recently produced versions of this pattern have a distinctively yellow coloration.
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 [[File:yemen-cgdigi.png|200px]]
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 == Republic of Yemen ==
-The Republic of Yemen (الجمهورية اليمنية) was formed in May 1990, by the amalgamation of the former [[Yemen Arab Republic]] and the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen ([[Yemen (Democratic Republic)]]). Prior to their unification, the two countries had fluctuated between states of hostility and peace, with a war being fought in September and October 1972 (the First Yemenite War), primarily in the border region, followed by a second conflict in February and March 1979 (Second Yemenite War). Under unification, the country had strong political and military ties to [[Egypt]] and [[Saudi Arabia]] (which are retained by the government of Abdrabbuh Mansour Hadi). Yemen has employed a wide variety of camouflage patterns scattered amongst military and paramilitary forces, including American, British, Egyptian, and Saudi designs, as well as some recent pixelated designs of indigenous origin.
+The Republic of Yemen (الجمهورية اليمنية) was formed in May 1990, by the amalgamation of the former [[Yemen Arab Republic]] and the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen ([[Yemen (Democratic Republic)]]). Prior to their unification, the two countries had fluctuated between states of hostility and peace, with a short war being fought between September and October 1972 (the First Yemenite War), primarily in the border region, followed by a second conflict between February and March 1979 (Second Yemenite War). Under unification, the country had strong political and military ties to [[Egypt]] and [[Saudi Arabia]] (which are retained by the government of Abdrabbuh Mansour Hadi). Yemen has employed a wide variety of camouflage patterns scattered amongst military and paramilitary forces, including American, British, Egyptian, and Saudi designs, as well as some recent pixelated designs of indigenous origin.
-The Yemen Civil War (الحرب الأهلية اليمنية) is a more than decade long conflict involving the Saudi-backed government forces of the Republic of Yemen against insurgent Houthi-dominated Supreme Political Council (المجلس السياسي الأعلى), as well as elements of jihadist Al-Queda and the (shrinking) Islamic State - Yemen Province. In September 2014, the capital city of Sanaa was overtaken by Houthi forces, which by March 2015 had usurped control of the seat of government and declared the Supreme Political Council as the new, legitimate government of the entire country; president Hadi, meanwhile, fled to Saudi Arabia. The Houthis have been supported by military forces that supported former president Ali Abdullah Saleh, who had been (ironically) killed by Houthi assassins in December 2017. The Houthi movement is also supported and supplied by the the government of [[Iran]]. Most of North Yemen (excepting the eastern Marib Governorate) is now controlled by the Houthi government.
+The Yemen Civil War (الحرب الأهلية اليمنية) is a more than decade long conflict involving the Saudi-backed government forces of the Republic of Yemen against insurgent Houthi-dominated Supreme Political Council (المجلس السياسي الأعلى), as well as elements of jihadist Al-Queda and the (shrinking) Islamic State - Yemen Province. In September 2014, the capital city of Sanaa was overtaken by Houthi forces, which by March 2015 had usurped control of the seat of government and declared the (largely unrecognized) Supreme Political Council as the new, legitimate government of the entire country; president Hadi, meanwhile, fled to Saudi Arabia. The Houthis have been supported by military forces that previously supported former president Ali Abdullah Saleh, who had been (ironically) killed by Houthi assassins in December 2017. The Houthi movement is also supported and supplied by the the government of [[Iran]]. Most of North Yemen (excepting the eastern Marib Governorate) is now controlled by the Supreme Political Council.
 In May 2017, the Aden Governorate came under the control of the Southern Transitional Council (المجلس الانتقالي الجنوبي), led by president Aidarus al-Zoubaidi, which advocates for a return to two states (North and South Yemen) as it was before unification in 1990. The STC is militarily supported by the [[United Arab Emirates]], and previously claimed to control most of the territory in South Yemen. Between January 2018 and December 2020, there was periodic fighting between the STC forces and those of the Republic of Yemen, as both groups attempted to seize control of more territory and claim legitimate governance over Southern Yemen. In April 2022, the STC became part of a new Presidential Leadership Council, and the government of Abdrabbuh Mansour Hadi was dissolved. The PLC operates by sharing governance of South Yemen and is led by a chairman, with four vice chairmen and three additional council members, although in practice chairman Rashad Muhammad al-Alimi exerts sole control over the military forces.
-The Armed Forces of the Republic of Yemen consist of the Ground Forces (including the Republican Guard - now called the Presidential Defence Forces), the Navy (including the Coast Guard since 2003), the Air Force, and the Border Guard Forces (قوات حرس الحدود اليمنية). Both the Army and the Republican Guard (الحرس الجمهوري اليمني‎) include special operations and mountain units in addition to conventional infantry, armor, and support units. The Ministry of the Interior also maintain approximately 50,000 paramilitary troops, concentrated in several specialized departments that include: the regular Public Security Forces (police), the Special Security Forces (قوات الأمن الخاصة‎‎) - previously known as the Central Security Organization (قوات الأمن المركزي) or CSO until 2013, the Facilities Guard and VIP Protection unit, and the Civil Defense Corps. The SSF functions as a kind of Gendarmerie, and has a wide range of infantry materiel and light armor in its arsenal.
+The Armed Forces of the Republic of Yemen consist of the Ground Forces (including the former Republican Guard - now called the Presidential Defence Forces), the Navy (including the Coast Guard since 2003), the Air Force, and the Border Guard Forces (قوات حرس الحدود اليمنية). Both the Army and the Republican Guard (الحرس الجمهوري اليمني‎) include special operations and mountain units in addition to conventional infantry, armor, and support units. The Ministry of the Interior also maintain approximately 50,000 paramilitary troops, concentrated in several specialized departments that include the regular Public Security Forces (police), the Special Security Forces (قوات الأمن الخاصة‎‎) - previously known as the Central Security Organization (قوات الأمن المركزي) or CSO until 2013 - the Facilities Guard and VIP Protection unit, and the Civil Defense Corps. The SSF functions as a kind of Gendarmerie, and has a wide range of infantry materiel and light armor in its arsenal.
-In addition to the armed forces and the MOI forces, other anti-Houthi groups fighting in the war include the Tihamah Resistance (مقاومة تهامة) - active since 2014 and considered more loyal to the UAE - and the Southern Giants Brigades (ألوية العمالقة الجنوبية) - which emerged in 2015 and are part of the Southern Movement that is working towards a secession from the north and return to the state of South Yemen. Another major faction fighting the Houthis is the Yemeni National Resistance (المقاومة الوطنية اليمنية), also called the National Resistance Force or the Guards of the Republic. Founded in 2017 under the leadership of Tareq Saleh, the YNR consist of former members of the Republican National Guard and the Central Security Organization; although technically not part of the Armed Forces, they wear Yemeni military uniforms and berets, with their own insignia, and fight alongside the Republican forces.
+In addition to the armed forces and the MOI forces, several independent groups bolster the fighting capability of the Republic, most notably the Popular Committees (اللجان الشعبية), which are essentially tribal militias and are also often referred to as the Popular Resistance/Popular Resistance Committees. These forces have remained loyal to the legitimately recognized government of the Republic of Yemen. Other anti-Houthi groups fighting in the war include the Tihamah Resistance (مقاومة تهامة), which has been active since 2014 but is considered more loyal to the UAE. The Southern Giants Brigades (ألوية العمالقة الجنوبية) emerged in 2015 as part of the Southern Movement that is working towards a secession from the north, and a return to the state of South Yemen. Lastly, the Yemeni National Resistance (المقاومة الوطنية اليمنية), also called the National Resistance Force or the Guards of the Republic, was founded in 2017 under the leadership of Tareq Saleh, and consists of former members of the Republican National Guard and the Central Security Organization. Although technically not part of the Armed Forces (reputedly their loyalty is to Saleh only), they wear Yemeni military uniforms and berets, with their own insignia, and often fight alongside the Republican forces.
 The Houthis (الحوثيون), or ''Ansar Allah,'' embrace Zaydism (a branch of Shia Islam) and promote Islamist ideals. They trace their origins to the al-Houthi tribe, which in turn claims to descend from the Banu Hashim, the tribe to which the Prophet Muhammed belonged. At various times, the Houthis have received military and/or financial support from [[Iran]], Ba'athist [[Syria]], [[Oman]], [[Sudan]], and [[North Korea]], as well as Hezbollah, Hamas, and al-Shebaab. Militarily, Houthi forces have grown in size and sophistication, although there remains little public information as to any formalized organization or military structure. Evidence suggests a portion of the former Yemeni Air Force is now under Houthi control, as well as drones and missiles (supplied by Iran), which have both been used to a high degree of effectiveness. Houthi ground forces seem to be a mixture of former military personnel and paramilitary forces with a wide spectrum of training. They primarily wear whatever uniforms are available, the majority of which are the same camouflage designs worn by the forces of the Yemen Republic.